one-mark questions:

  1. API can be defined as an interface that allows different software applications to communicate with each other.
  2. What are web services? Web services are standardized methods for communication between different applications over a network using protocols like HTTP, SOAP, or REST.
  3. Example for a web service: Google Maps API, RESTful API, or SOAP-based web services.
  4. SOA stands for Service-Oriented Architecture.
  5. Give an example for a web service. Amazon Web Services (AWS) API, Google Maps API, or PayPal API.
  6. HATEOAS stands for Hypermedia as the Engine of Application State.
  7. Mention a modern web application developed using Microservices. Netflix, Amazon, Uber, or Airbnb.
  8. SOAP stands for Simple Object Access Protocol.
  9. What is an API? An API (Application Programming Interface) is a set of rules that allows applications to interact with each other.

2 marks

1. Difference Between SOAP and REST

Feature SOAP (Simple Object Access Protocol) REST (Representational State Transfer)
Protocol Strict protocol with formal specifications. Architectural style, not a strict protocol.
Message Format Uses XML for all communication. Uses JSON, XML, HTML, or plain text.
Transport Works over HTTP, SMTP, TCP, and more. Primarily works over HTTP.
Performance Slower due to XML parsing and strict standards. Faster as it uses lightweight formats like JSON.
Security Supports WS-Security for advanced security needs. Relies on HTTPS for security.
Statefulness Can be stateful or stateless. Always stateless.
Use Cases Used in banking, financial services, and complex operations. Used in web services, mobile apps, and microservices.

2. Difference Between URL and URI

Feature URL (Uniform Resource Locator) URI (Uniform Resource Identifier)
Definition Specifies the location of a resource on the web. Identifies a resource uniquely, can be a name, URL, or URN.
Format Contains protocol (HTTP/HTTPS), domain, and path. Can be a URL or URN.
Example https://example.com/users/1 https://example.com/users/1 (URL) or urn:isbn:0451450523 (URN)

✅ All URLs are URIs, but not all URIs are URLs.